Question

Branch of biology that deals with heredity and variation is called as
a) Palaeontology
b) Evolution
c) Genetics
d) Ecology

Answer 1

Hint: Hereditary and variation are important for any organism to survive. They help them mutate and evolve through the time periods. The variations in the organism should be such that they can be transferred onto the next generation and can be visible and adaptable.

Complete answer:
The branch of biology that deals with heredity and variation is known as genetics. The genes are the basic unit of passing characters to the next generation. The variation that occurs in one’s body which can be genetically transferred helps in the better adaptation of the organism. They can also be disadvantageous for organisms, as there are some diseases which get transferred from one generation to the other and cannot be controlled by external agents.

Additional information:
- Palaeontology is the branch of science that deals with the study of the fossils of the plants and animals. Billions of years ago, whenever a plant or animal died their body got decomposed in the soil and their bones got covered with various layers of soil over years which caused an impression of the structure of the body on the stones. These were then discovered by the scientist during excavation. They play an important part in the study of evolution.
- Evolution is a slow and gradual process that leads to formation of primitive organisms to a better organism. The organisms evolved are now the best version of themselves. The process of evolution takes millions of years to happen. The organism that is able to adapt to its surrounding only lives and the rest of species is eliminated. Evolution of man from ape can be taken as the live example of the process of evolution.
- Ecology is the branch of science that deals with the study of the relationship between the living and the non-living components present in the environment. The different levels of ecology include organism, population, community and ecosystem.
So, the answer is ‘c) Genetics’ .

Note: Genes are the unique individual identity of the humans. They can be altered according to the human need. Genetic engineering has made possible that only desirable traits get passed on to the next generation and the recessive traits get eliminated within a certain time span.