Question

Bacterial nucleoid has
A. Single-stranded DNA
B. Double-stranded DNA
C. Single-stranded RNA
D. Double-stranded RNA

Answer 1

Hint: Bacteria belong to the Kingdom Monera. They are the only representatives of the Monera Kingdom. Bacteria are prokaryotes. They may not have the existence of a nuclear membrane. It has a nucleoid instead of a proper nucleus.

Complete answer: The nucleoid is a region located inside the prokaryotic cell which contains almost all of the genetic material and it is also referred to as the genophore. Generally, the genome of prokaryotic species is a circular, double standard piece of DNA, of which several copies can be made at any given time. Unlike the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell, the nucleus is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Usually, the genome of a prokaryotic species undergoes a rolling-circle mode of replication. Some of the enzymes involved in the replication process include DNA polymerase II, DNA polymerase III, helicase, ligase, etc. Unlike eukaryotes, both transcription and translation occur in the nucleoid region of the cell.
So, option B is the correct answer.

Additional information: Characteristics of Kingdom Monera are mentioned below:
1. Monerans are single-celled organisms.
2. The ribosome of Kingdom Monera is the 70S ribosome.
3. The DNA is nude and is not bound by a nuclear membrane.
4. It does not contain organs such as mitochondria, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc.
5. Some bacteria are used for household use. Example of Lactobacillus.

Note: Bacteria are the most primitive organisms. They differ from eukaryotes in many aspects, such as; cell organelles, cell wall composition, size, shape and the presence of flagella, which is the locomotory organ.