Question

What are the types of noncovalent bonds?

Answer 1

Hint: Covalent bonds are those bonds which are formed when the electron-containing orbitals of two atoms overlap each other. Greater the overlapping of bonds will be the strength of that bond. The non-covalent bonds include hydrogen bond, van der Waals interaction, ionic bonds and hydrophobic bonds.

Complete answer:
We know that covalent bonds are those bonds which are formed when the electron-containing orbitals of two atoms overlap each other.
The types of non-covalent bonds are:
Ionic bonds: These bonds are formed between metals and non-metals due to the electronegativity difference between them. These bonds are formed when electropositive metal donates its electron and the electronegative non-metal accepts that electron. For example- sodium chloride salt.
Hydrogen bonds: Hydrogen bonds are formed between hydrogen and an electronegative element such as oxygen, fluorine and nitrogen. For example- hydrogen bonds between hydrogen and oxygen of water molecules.
Van der Waals interactions: These are the non-specific and weak interactions or attractions between two atoms when they are in the close vicinity of each other or when they are approaching towards each other.
Hydrophobic interactions: Hydrophobic interactions occur between nonpolar molecules. Hydrophobic means water repellent. For example- Alkanes or hydrocarbons are hydrophobic in nature.

Note:
In the non-covalent bonds, there are dipoles that interact with each other. The strongest non-covalent bonds are ionic bonds because there is a strong electrostatic interaction between two oppositely charged ions (cations and anions) while the weakest non-covalent bond or force is van der Waals forces of attraction.