Question

What are the hormones? Give the name of the associated gland and function of different animal hormones.

Answer 1

Hint: Glands are organs that facilitate the secretion of substances to perform a specific function. The secretion takes place into the bloodstream or the cavities inside the body or outside its surface. Glands are of two types: endocrine and exocrine gland. Endocrine glands ductless glands and release the substances directly into the bloodstream whereas exocrine glands are plants having duct in which the secretion takes place into the ducts.

Complete answer:
Hormones are chemical messengers that coordinate and control the activities of living organisms. It also controls its growth. Most hormones are proteins or steroids which control the function of all the organs. They are transported bi circulatory systems and produced by endocrine glands. They target the organ to carry out the metabolism of the body. The high and low secretion of the hormone leads to the abnormalities or dysfunction of physiology.
The glands which secretes the hormones are:
-Pituitary gland: It is located in the midbrain. It secretes the growth hormone and regulates the growth and development of human beings.
-Thyroid gland: It is located in the neck region and produces thyroxine hormone. It facilitates the regulation of the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
-Adrenal gland: It is located above the Kidneys and produces adrenaline hormone. It regulates the increased blood pressure heartbeat, carbohydrates, and metabolism.
-Pancreas: It is located below the stomach and produces insulin which helps in reducing sugar level and regulates blood sugar level.
-Testis: It is located in the lower abdominal area which secretes testosterone hormone in males. It is associated with the changes with puberty which is at sexual maturity.
-Ovary: It is located in the lower abdominal area which secretes the estrogen in females. It is associated with the changes during puberty which is at sexual maturity.
Some of the hormones function in the processes of development and growth. It helped in the metabolism of food items and cognitive function and mood. The sexual function and reproductive growth and health are controlled by hormones. Hormones help to maintain body temperature and thirst. The hormones are secreted in a very microscopic amount and take only small amounts to bring about major changes in the body. The excess of secretion of hormones can lead to diseases. The hormonal disorders are diagnosed in the laboratory and show some symptoms. Blood, urine, or saliva can be used to test hormone abnormalities.

Note: The attributes of teenagers such as moody or emotional are due to the hormones which get a lot of attention. Hormonal imbalance can be affected by the food we eat. Some people can sense it during the sexual attraction, pregnancy, and aggression. Oestrogen and testosterone are needed by both men and women as they are essential to health. During periods women aren’t exactly hormonal.