Question

What are the elementary particles of mitochondria?
A. F1 particles
B. Ribosomes
C. DNA
D. Lysosomes

Answer 1

Hint: Mitochondria are known to be the powerhouse of the cell. Eukaryotes have mitochondria in their cells. They supply adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the cell. Cells use ATP as a source of energy. The main function of ATP is to convert the energy to perform other functions.

Complete answer:
ATP oxidizes the glucose for providing energy to the cell. Cellular respiration is the process by which ATP is produced. Mitochondria are small, spherical organelles. There may be about one hundred to one hundred forty mitochondria in a cell.
Structure:- Mitochondria are double membranous organelles found in eukaryotes. These two membranes are made up of phospholipids and Proteins which have different properties.
In mitochondria there are five compartments as follows:-
1. The outer membrane.
2. The inner membrane.
3. The intermembrane space (space in between the outer and inner membranes).
4. The cristae which is the space made by infoldings of the inner membrane.
5. The matrix, within the inner membrane.
F1 particles are present in the matrix of the mitochondrial inner membrane. These particles are also known as elementary particles or F1-F0 particles or oxysomes.
Ribosomes are very small particles that consist of RNA. They synthesize proteins. Ribosomes can be found freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Two types of ribosomes are found namely 70S and 80S.
DNA is the polymer that contains all the genetic information of all the organisms. A large quantity of cell DNA is present in the nucleus but mitochondria have their own genome.
Lysosomes are the membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm. These are not found in mitochondria.
The elementary particles of mitochondria are the F1 particles So, The correct answer to this question is option (A).

Note: F1 particles synthesize adenosine triphosphate from adenosine diphosphate by attaching another phosphate group. About 15% of the total inner membrane protein of the mitochondria made the F1 particles.