Question

How are polysaccharides (carbohydrates), fats, and proteins breakdown?

Answer 1

Hint: Carbohydrates are known as the quickest, and fats are being the slowest. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are usually digested in the intestine, where they have broken down into their monomer units Carbohydrates into the sugars. Proteins into the amino acids.

Complete answer:
Carbohydrates are one of the most essential nutrients in the human diet. There are usually two types of carbohydrates that can be digested by the human digestive system– sugar and starch. Sugar is exactly broken down in the gastrointestinal tract by the small intestine and three enzymes present in the mouth, namely, Lactase, Sucrase, and Maltase
In the same way, starch is being broken down with the help of the Amylase enzymes which are present in the mouth and the stomach. After digestion, carbohydrates are absorbed in the small intestine with the help of minute finger-shaped projections known as Villi. The chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth.
Proteins play a major role or say a vital role in the growth and replenishment of body cells and tissues. The digestion of proteins takes place in the stomach with the help of enzymes protease and pepsin, which breaks down the proteins into amino acids. The process is facilitated by the hydrochloric acid present in the stomach secreted by leptic cells for activating pepsin to pepsinogen.
Amino acids are tiny elements which get absorbed into the blood system through the wall of the small intestine.
Lipids are the organic compounds comprising fatty acids, which are usually insoluble in water. Fats are known as the most common example of lipids. The insoluble property of lipids making the digestion and absorption of fats a very complicated process.
As they are hydrophobic, fats stick together as a large ball of insoluble mass after reaching the stomach. It gets broken down with the help of bile juice, containing bile salts. These broken molecules are then acted upon by pancreatic lipase, the major fat-absorbing enzymes present in the body.

Note: Digestion is known as the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be easily absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are being absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream.