Question

What are antibiotics?
A. Medicine taken for AIDS
B. Medicine taken to kill or stop the growth of harmful or disease-causing microbes in
C. Medicine taken for viral infection
D. Medicines taken for malaria

Answer 1

Hint: The term antibiotic comes from antibiosis, a phenomenon that antagonizes one organism with other organisms. Antibiosis is observed by many scientists who study microorganisms growing in dishes (Petri dishes), but credit for finding and recycling products (antibiotics) with useful purposes goes to Alexander Fleming. While working in a hospital laboratory in London, he discovered a contaminated fungus (Penicillium notatum).

Complete answer:
Medicine taken for AIDS-Treating HIV / AIDS with medication is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). Recommended for all people with HIV. Medicines do not cure HIV infection but make it a treatable chronic disease. There is no cure for AIDS, but certain medications can prolong the lives of people with AIDS. Zidovudine (azidothymidine) was the first drug used and continues to be the drug of choice for the treatment of AIDS. DdI (dideoxyinosine, DDI) is another drug used to treat AIDS.
So, this option is not correct.
Medicine taken to kill or stop the growth of harmful or disease-causing microbes in-Antibiotics are chemicals that kill microorganisms or inhibit their growth and are therefore used to fight infections in humans or animals. Most antibiotics are produced by microorganisms (i.e. the product of one organism killing another). Some semi-synthetic antibiotics are natural antibiotics that are chemically modified. The substance extracted from the fungus is called penicillin, and several years’ later penicillin was isolated from the fungal culture filtrate. It is found to provide miraculous results in curing infections caused by staph and other gram-positive cocci, and has been recognized as a "miracle cure".
So, this is the correct option.
Medicine taken for viral infection- Antiviral drugs are used to treat viral infections. Virus vaccines are usually of a narrow spectrum and limited effectiveness. The drugs used for viral infections are acyclovir (Zovirax), famciclovir (Famvir), and valacyclovir (Valtrex), which are effective against herpes viruses, including herpes zoster and genital herpes.
So, this option is not correct.
Medicines taken for malaria -Malaria is one of the most serious human diseases, as it not only kills millions of people every year but also makes the most fertile regions of the world dangerous for human settlement. The oldest antimalarial drug is quinine, which is very effective in schizophrenia, but not in gametes and extra red blood cells. Mepacrine is effective against merozoites, but paludrin is superior to both stages because it kills almost all stages except the liver.
So, this option is not correct.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: All antibiotics are secondary metabolites of producing organisms, meaning that these substances are not essential for their growth. In a natural environment, antibiotics, if produced at all, would likely help producers compete for food and space with other organisms. Antibiotics are only produced in culture when active growth has stopped. Like other chemotherapy drugs, the ideal antibiotic is one that only attacks the pathogen without harming the host. Attacking pathogens can inhibit growth without killing pathogens. In this case, the antibiotic must have a bacteriostatic effect.