Question

Anabolism is
(a) Endergonic process
(b) Exergonic process
(c) Bidirectional process
(d) Destructive process

Answer 1

Hint: A metabolic reaction is a chemical reaction that takes place constantly in the living organism and the total of all reactions in a living organism is called metabolism. The biomolecules present in the living organism are constantly turned over into others by the process of metabolism.

Complete answer:
In living, organisms metabolism involves two pathways, anabolic and catabolic. In an anabolic process synthesis of biomolecules takes place in which simpler molecules are synthesized into complex biomolecules, therefore, it involves consumption of energy, hence it is an endergonic process.

Additional Information: Catabolism leads to the formation of a simple molecule from the complex one. It liberates energy due to the degradation of biomolecules, hence it is an exergonic process. This process takes place while performing mechanical work. The most important form of energy in the body is ATP.
Metabolites are the biomolecules that are synthesized by the plant. These metabolites are divided into prey and secondary which depend upon the source of biomolecules. Primary metabolites are required for basic metabolic processes and it produces in large quantities, they are found in all plants and constitute the basic molecular structure. Examples of primary metabolites are sugar, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol, purine pyrimidine, etc. Secondary metabolites are derivative of primary metabolites and produce in small quantities, it occurs in plant species like alkaloids, rubber, resin, antibiotic, essential oil, etc. All secondary metabolites are chemically diverse and divided into terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and nitrogen-containing compounds.
So, the correct answer is an ‘Endergonic process’.

Note: Secondary metabolites do not involve metabolic processes, it is used for defense purposes against herbivores and pathogens by the plant. In the case of a metabolic reaction, every reaction is catalyzed, no reaction takes place without the use of a catalyst.