Question

An insecticide extracted from the leaves of neem is-

Answer 1

Hint: Neem also known as Indian lilac is native to Indian Subcontinent. It has numerous medicinal properties and also economic properties. It is found generally in the tropical and subtropical areas. Neem oil is also extracted from the fruits and seeds of the neem plant. Neem is also used as a fertilizer for agricultural purposes.

Complete answer:
The azadirachtin is a chemical compound which belongs to the limonoid group. It is a secondary metabolite present in the neem seeds. It is one of the very highly oxidized tetranortriterpenoids, which boasts the plethora of oxygen-bearing functional groups. Azadirachtin has a complex molecular structure. The aldicarb is the carbamate insecticide, which is the active substance in the pesticide Temik. The Malathion is an insecticide of relatively low human toxicity.

Therefore, the correct answer is azadirachtin.

Additional information:
The azadirachtin has a complex molecular structure; it is found in both the secondary and the tertiary hydroxyl groups and the tetrahydrofuran ether is found in its molecular structure. The main insecticidal component found in the neem tree is known as the azadirachtin; it is a naturally occurring substance which belongs to an organic molecule class called the tetranortriterpenoids. The azadirachtin may also serve as a feeding deterrent for some of the insects.

Note:
Azadirachtin is an extract of the fruit from the Neem tree, which is largely grown in India. The neem tree as a whole is also utilized as the commercial insect growth regulator that controls the metamorphosis process in which the insect passes from the larva stage to the pupa stage. The extraction of oil and the azadirachtin from the neem seeds was carried out using n-hexane and the ethanol varying extraction time and the solvent ratio.