Question

Among bitter gourd, mustard, brinjal, pumpkin, china rose, lupin, cucumber, sunn hemp, gram guava, bean, chilli, plum, Petunia, tomato, rose, Withania, potato, onion, aloe, and tulip how many plants have hypogynous flower?
A. Six
B. Ten
C. Fifteen
D. Eighteen

Answer 1

Hint: A flower is the seed-bearing part of a plant that contains the reproductive organs of the plant; stamens as the male reproductive organ and pistil as the female reproductive organ; and their function is to produce seeds through sexual reproduction.

Step by step answer:A flower is a part of a plant that is responsible for producing seeds. The swollen end of the stalk of the flower is known as the thalamus. The thalamus has four whorls arranged successively known as the calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium. Calyx and corolla are the accessory organs. Androecium and gynoecium are the reproductive organs. Flowers having both androecium and gynoecium are termed as bisexual. Flower having either androecium or gynoecium is termed as unisexual. Based upon the position of calyx, corolla and androecium in the respect of ovary on the thalamus, the flowers are described as hypogynous, perigynous and epigynous.
-Hypogynous flowers are those flowers whose ovary is superior and gynoecium is situated at the highest position while the other parts are situated below it. Examples of hypogynous plants are mustard, china rose and brinjal.
-In perigynous flowers, the gynoecium is situated in the centre while all the other parts are situated at the rim of the thalamus at almost the same level. Examples of such plants are plum, rose, peach.
-In epigynous flowers, the margin of the thalamus grows upwards thus enclosing the ovary and getting fused with it. The rest of the parts rise above the ovary. Examples of such plants are guava and cucumber. Mustard, brinjal, china rose, lupin, sunn hemp, gram, bean, chili, Petunia, potato, tomato, Withania, onion, Aloe, and tulip has hypogynous flower while pumpkin, bitter gourd, cucumber, and guava have epigynous flower and rose and plum have a perigynous flower.
Hence, the correct option is C. Fifteen.

Note: Calyx is referred to as the outermost part of the flower that includes sepals. Corolla has petals that are brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination. The androecium is the male reproductive part of the flower that contains stamens. Stamens produce pollen, the male gamete. The gynoecium is the female reproductive part of the flower and is composed of pistils. The pistil has three parts; stigma, style, and ovary. Ovaries have ovules, the female gamete.