Question

Why is Ammonia Gas ( $ N{{H}_{3}} $ ) an alkali/base?

Answer 1

Hint: Ammonia is a nitrogen-hydrogen chemical with the formula $ N{{H}_{3}} $ . Ammonia is a colourless gas with a strong pungent odour. It is a stable binary hydride and the simplest pictogen hydride. It's a frequent nitrogenous waste, especially among aquatic creatures, and it helps terrestrial organisms meet their nutritional demands by acting as a precursor to food and fertilisers.

Complete answer:
Any molecule that receives a proton is referred to as a base, whereas any molecule that releases a proton is referred to as an acid. Because the nitrogen atom contains an electron pair that readily absorbs a proton, ammonia is termed basic. In an aqueous solution, however, ammonia is classed as a weak base, which is a chemical molecule that does not entirely break apart into ions. Dissociation is the process of molecules breaking apart into ions. This changes the chemical structure of the compound, making it either a weak base or a strong acid, and vice versa. The element ammonia
Ammonia does not naturally include hydroxide ions, but when it is dissolved in water, it absorbs hydrogen ions from the water to form hydroxide and ammonium ions. Ammonia, on the other hand, does not completely convert to hydroxide and ammonium ions in a solution, making it a weak base. It breaks down into positively charged ammonium ions ( $ N{{H}_{4}}^{+} $ ) and negatively charged hydroxide ( $ O{{H}^{-}} $ ) ions as it breaks apart, although some ammonia molecules remain linked together. The dissociation is termed incomplete since not all molecules were split apart, and only a small fraction of the ammonia molecules generated hydroxide ions.
Hence ammonia is a base.

Note:
When bases or acids are categorised as strong or weak, it now only has relevance in terms of how concentrations of a chemical's reaction are calculated. It doesn't specify if they're reactive, oxidising, or caustic. Strong bases are just as caustic as strong acids and can be just as deadly. Consider anhydrous ammonia, which has a pH of approximately 11.6 but nevertheless causes chemical burns and severe irritation to the mucous membranes, skin, and eyes, similar to how hydrochloric acid (pH = 0) exposure corrodes those same regions.