Question

All of the following statements are true of primary succession except
A. primary succession occurs after a volcanic eruption.
B. pioneer plants include lichens and mosses.
C. primary succession occurs after a destructive forest fire.
D. development of a community occurs in an area where no soil initially exists.
E. primary succession occurs on coastal sand dunes.

Answer 1

Hint: Primary succession begins from the crude base, where beforehand there was not any living matter present. The principal gatherings of plants building up there are known as the pioneers, primary community or primary colonizers. Primary succession sets aside a long effort for fulfillment, a few hundred to a few thousand years.

Complete answer: Primary succession is the organized and unsurprising arrangement of occasions through which a steady biological system forms in a formerly uninhabited district. Primary succession happens in districts described by the nonappearance of soil and living beings.

It starts with the presence of pioneer species – lichen, greeneries and growths – that can develop on rocks and uncovered land. These are little, simple,living beings that can endure brutal conditions, fix inorganic carbon and nitrogen, and quicken the way toward enduring. As they pass on and disintegrate, their organic matter turns into the establishment for a slim layer of soil. Pioneer species make ready for more unpredictable networks of life forms, on the grounds that the pioneers have changed the physical climate to make it more habitable. When grasses and weeds start to develop, soil arrangement is quickened and more creature species start to show up. The climate holds dampness, and ideal conditions are made for the development of bushes and little trees. This is trailed by bigger trees and creatures, and the web of associations between them.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Primary succession happens in a territory which is infertile or dormant and not reasonable for continuing ordinary life structures as soil is missing and no humus while secondary succession is the arrangement of community changes which happens on a formerly colonized, yet upset or harmed living space. Examples incorporate zones which have been freed from existing vegetation and dangerous occasions, for example, fires. Thus, dangerous woods fire prompts secondary succession where there is still some natural issue to permit new plants to develop.