Question

Alcoholic fermentation occurs in the presence of
A. Zymase
B. Amylase
C. Invertase
D. Maltase

Answer 1

Hint: Fermentation is the process by which glucose is oxidized incompletely into simple molecules like ethanol or lactic acid. Fermentation is of two types. They are alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

Complete answer: In the process of alcoholic fermentation, glucose is first converted into pyruvic acid by a process called glycolysis. Pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis also can enter the process of aerobic respiration. In fermentation, pyruvic acid is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase. Microorganisms like bacteria and certain fungi perform alcoholic fermentation to produce ethanol. Zymase is an enzyme present in yeast that ferments glucose. Yeast is a fungus that can perform alcoholic fermentation and is used for several economic purposes. We use the process of alcoholic fermentation for the preparation of beer, wine, etc. In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis is converted into lactic acid by an enzyme called lactate dehydrogenase. It is mostly done by bacterias. Lactic acid fermentation is also done in myocytes. At the time of vigorous exercise, the body needs more energy. Then glucose undergoes anaerobic respiration to form lactic acid in muscles. The accumulation of lactic acid in muscle cells causes muscle cramps and it leads to muscle fatigue.
Hence, the correct option is A.

Note: Instead of anaerobic respiration, glucose can undergo aerobic respiration in which more amount of energy is produced. Aerobic respiration needs oxygen and is done in mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. It is a process in which complete oxidation of glucose takes place whereas, in fermentation, only partial oxidation happens.