After Jalliyawala Bagh Masscare which commission was formed by british government?
VerifiedAnswer: Hunter Committee
Explanation:
The Hunter Committee was established by the British government in October 1919 to investigate the events surrounding the Jallianwala Bagh massacre that occurred on April 13, 1919. This committee was officially called the "Disorders Inquiry Committee" and was headed by Lord William Hunter, a Scottish judge who was then serving in India.
The committee was formed in response to the growing public outcry and international criticism following the brutal massacre where General Dyer ordered his troops to open fire on unarmed civilians gathered at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. The British government felt the need to conduct an official inquiry to address the mounting pressure and criticism from various quarters.
The Hunter Committee consisted of eight members - five British officials and three Indian members. The three Indian members were Sir Chimanlal Harilal Setalvad, Pandit Jagat Narayan, and Sardar Sahibzada Sultan Ahmed Khan. This composition was itself controversial as Indians demanded equal representation, but the British maintained majority control over the investigation.
The committee's primary task was to investigate the disturbances in Punjab and the actions taken by the civil and military authorities during the period of martial law. They examined various incidents, but the Jallianwala Bagh massacre remained the central focus of their inquiry. The committee recorded testimonies from numerous witnesses, including survivors of the massacre, officials, and General Dyer himself.
The Hunter Committee published its report in 1920, which presented a divided verdict. The majority report, supported by British members, was relatively lenient toward General Dyer and criticized his actions but stopped short of severe condemnation. However, the three Indian members submitted a strong minority report that severely criticized General Dyer's actions and called them unjustified and brutal.
While the Hunter Committee's majority report led to General Dyer's removal from his position and his early retirement from the army, many Indians, including leaders of the independence movement, considered the punishment inadequate. The committee's work and its conclusions became a significant factor in further alienating Indian public opinion from British rule and strengthened the freedom struggle movement across the country.
