Question

What is an additional reaction? Explain with the help of an example.

Answer 1

Hint: As we know that an addition reaction in chemistry is referred to a chemical reaction where two or more reactants come together in order to form a larger single product. So here we have to explain about this reaction with the help of an example

Complete answer:
Let us discuss about chemical reactions followed by the addition reaction as follows:-
-Chemical reaction: We know that when any 2 or more compounds or substances with different or similar properties react together under the influence of external conditions such as pressure, temperature as well as reagents in order to form a new compound with different properties is referred to as a chemical reaction.
-Addition reaction: It can be described as the reaction between two compounds which combine together to form a new compound without any loss of atoms or molecules. In this reaction a $\pi$- bond (a weaker bond) is usually converted into two strong $\sigma$ - bonds. In organic chemistry, addition reaction is generally categorized further into two types that are electrophilic addition reaction and nucleophilic addition reaction.
-This reaction is generally shown by unsaturated organic compounds that contain either double bonds or triple bonds and is mainly used to convert unsaturated compounds into saturated compounds.
-The example of addition reaction is as follows:-
$C{{H}_{2}}=C{{H}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}O\to C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}OH$
As we can see that ethene is an unsaturated compound and its hydration reaction takes place when water molecules attack the double bond and attach an alcohol group to it. This results in the formation of ethanol which is a saturated compound.

Note:
-Always remember that addition reaction is a type of a reverse decomposition reaction because decomposition reaction is defined as a reaction where one compound breaks into one or more molecules or compounds.
-Both electrophile and nucleophile substituents of the reactants play an important role in addition reaction.