Question

Activated Charcoal is prepared by:
A.Heated charcoal with steam so that it becomes more porous
B.Addition $Ca_3(PO_4)_2$ to charcoal
C.Addition impurity to charcoal
D.Reacted with conc. $HNO_3$

Answer 1

Hint: Activated charcoal is a microcrystalline, non – graphitic form of carbon with porous structure. Activated Charcoal has a high degree of porosity, an extensive surface area of area of \[\left( {500 - 2000m^2/g} \right)\] .
Activated charcoal is prepared by the process of Carbonization or Calcination.

Complete step by step answer:
-Wood is burnt at a very high temperature to obtain charcoal (a nearly pure form of C). Once it is obtained, it is passed through a variety of chemical processes in order to activate it.
-Activated charcoal is a well-known adsorbent because of a large number of very fine pores which gives Activated charcoal a large inner surface which helps in absorbing power.
-Activated Charcoal is used for removal of pollutants from air, soil and liquids.
-The raw materials charcoal is required for manufacturing Activated Charcoal. Activated charcoal is prepared by the process of Carbonization or Calcination.
-The activation of charcoal consists in thermal treatment at high temperature ( \[800^\circ \] to \[1000^\circ C\] ) Activation process opens the pores, develop porosity and increase surface area of the normal charcoal which have poor Absorbability due you it’s small surface area and less porous due to incomplete combustion.
-Gas-phase, vapour Adsorbent Carbons are granules usually prepared from physical or gas activation methods. These carbons are hard granules having pores diameter less than 3 nm. -These are Carburised first and then crushed to a powder form it into granules with a tar then activated with steam at \[800^\circ \] to \[1000^\circ C\] .
-Charcoal Activating chemicals like $CaCl_2$ or lemon juice.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A). Heated charcoal with steam so that it becomes more porous.

Note:
Because of the excellent adsorbing power of the activated charcoal, it can trap many toxins and chemical molecules.