Question

A woman's reproductive age starts at __1.___ and generally continues till she reaches her middle age. During reproductive period, the ___2.___ ovaries inside a female body take turns to produce an __3.____. One egg is released after every ____4.___ days. The process of release of an egg by an ovary is called ____5.___, while the cycle of producing and releasing mature ova is called the ____6.___. During this period, the wall of the uterus passes through several phases. Which is controlled by ___7.___ & ___8.____ hormone. The first phase of the menstrual cycle usually lasts for ___9.___ days. This duration is called __-10.____.

Answer 1

Hint:- The menstrual cycle is a characteristic feature of primates and it does not occur in other vertebrates. In mammals other than primates, a different sexual cycle called oestrous cycle is observed. Females of all mammals except primates permit copulation only during oestrous cycle.

Complete step-by-step solution:-The beginning of the menstrual cycle marks the onset of puberty in human females and it lasts upto 40-50 years i.e. till menopause when the reproductive capacity of the female is arrested.
The menstrual cycle begins with the casting off of the endometrial lining of the uterus and bleeding. It is considered as the preparation of the uterus for fertilization and pregnancy.
Under the influence of follicle stimulating hormone an ovum and its follicle mature and the follicle secretes increased amounts of estrogen which stimulates the regrowth of endometrium.
The increased production of estrogen triggers the production of luteinizing hormones. At the end of the cycle, FSH production declines as a result of the increased concentration of progesterone and estrogen.
The menstrual phase involves following phases: menstrual or the bleeding phase, proliferative phase, ovulatory phase and secretory phase.
A woman's reproductive age starts at puberty and generally continues till she reaches her middle age. During the reproductive period, the two ovaries inside a female body take turns to produce an ovum. One egg is released after every 28 days. The process of release of an egg by an ovary is called ovulation, while the cycle of producing and releasing mature ova is called the menstrual cycle. During this period, the wall of the uterus passes through several phases which is controlled by oestrogen & progesterone hormone. The first phase of the menstrual cycle usually lasts for 4-6 days. This duration is called menarche.

Note:- The human female reproductive system performs many functions like oogenesis, reception of sperm during copulation, providing an environment conducive to fertilization and supplying nutrition to the developing baby.