Question

A species inhabiting different geographical areas is,
A) Sympatric
B) Synchronous
C) Allochronus
D) allopatric

Answer 1

Hint: Inhabition means to live or survive in the habitat or environment.

Complete Answer:
- Allopatric species can inhabit different geographical areas.
- Geographical barriers such as mountains, rivers, buildings, ocean, glaciers, valleys, etc., isolates biological populations of the same species. Some other causes behind allopatric speciation are social differences and emigration.
- The isolation leads to reproductive isolation as well. This type of speciation leads to variation and hence evolution.
- Darwin’s finches are a classical example of allopatric speciation.
- The divergent populations of finches inhabiting the Galapagos Islands were observed to have differences in features. body size, color, and beak length or shape were found different. The differences resulted because of the different types of food available in various Islands.
- Allopatric distribution is the term used for two populations/species inhabited in different geographic ranges.

So, is ‘Allopatric’ is the correct answer.

Additional information:
- There are five types of speciation: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric and artificial. The allopatric speciation interrupts the gene flow and creates two related taxa.
- Mayr presented the model of allopatric speciation.

Note:
- Allochronic speciation refers to a mode of sympatric speciation in which the differentiation of populations is primarily due to a phenological shift without habitat or host change.
- When new species evolve in the same geographic area following reproductive isolation of populations due to ecological differences is called sympatric speciation.
- The sympatric distribution term is used when two populations or species occupy overlapping geographic ranges.