Question

A plant root has 16 chromosomes, so
(a)gamete has 16 chromosomes
(b)Gamete has 8 chromosomes
(c)Endosperm has 8 chromosomes
(d)Endosperm has 16 chromosomes

Answer 1

Hint: Plant roots have diploid cells(2n) they have 2 sets of chromosomes. Gametes are haploid cells(n) hence they will have one set of chromosomes. The endosperm is triploid(3n) and they will have 3 sets of chromosomes.

Complete answer:
Plant roots have diploid cells (2n) which in this case has 16 chromosomes. Gametes are haploid cells (n) and hence they will have 8 chromosomes. The endosperm is triploid (3n) and hence they will have 24 chromosomes. Diploid is a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent. In humans, cells other than human sex cells, are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Human sex cells i.e. egg and sperm cells contain a single set of chromosomes and are known as haploid. Haploid is the term used when a cell has half the usual number of chromosomes. A normal Eukaryote is composed of diploid cells, one set of chromosomes from each parent. However, after meiosis, the number of chromosomes in gametes is halved. That is the haploid condition.

Additional Information:
 -Diploid is the term that refers to the number of each type of chromosome that an organism has. And diploid specifically means every cell in that organism has two copies of each type of chromosome.
- Humans are diploid, and each human has, then, in the nucleus of their cells two copies of Chromosome 1, two of number two, two of number three, all the way out to two of number 22.
- if you are a female you have two copies of the X chromosome, if you’re a male you have an X and a Y. So diploid means you have two of each type of chromosome.
So the correct answer is ‘ Gamete has 8 cells ‘.

Note: -The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most of the flowering plants following fertilization.
-It is triploid i.e. it has three chromosome sets per nucleus in most species. Most angiosperms have two polar nuclei so the endosperm is triploid (3n).
-The number of chromosomes in a single set is represented as n, which is also called the haploid number.