Question

A notch present on the inner medial side of the Kidney is known as
(a) Ureter
(b) Pelvis
(c) Hilus
(d) Pyramid

Answer 1

Hint: The inner surface of the kidney where renal arteries and nerves enter into the kidney and renal veins and the ureter comes out of the kidney.

Complete step by step answer:
A pair of bean-shaped structures present in the human body and in other mammals are called kidneys. Kidneys are surrounded by a capsule called renal capsule. The point at which the renal arteries and nerves enter the kidney and renal veins and ureter leave the kidney is called hilum. It is a deep notch present on the inner surface of the kidney.
So, the correct answer is ‘hilus’.

Additional information:
1. A pair of reddish-brown, bean-shaped structures which are important organs in humans for excretion are called kidneys
2. They are present on either side of the vertebral column between the last thoracic vertebrae and the 3rd lumbar vertebrae.
3. Kidneys in humans are considered as retroperitoneal organs because the parietal peritoneum is present only on the outer surface.
4. The outer surface of the kidney is convex and is covered by renal capsule and the inner surface consists of a deep notch from where renal arteries, nerves, and ureter leave is called the hilum
5. Internal structure of the kidney is divided into two regions namely the renal cortex and renal medulla.
6. Medulla of the kidney is divided into cone-shaped structures called renal pyramids
7. These renal pyramids terminate in renal papillae which project into cup-like calyces formed from the extensions of the renal pelvis.

Note:
- The average weight of human kidneys is about 120 gm - 170 gm.
- The left kidney is slightly upper than the right kidney due to the presence of the liver.
- The study of the kidney and its function is called nephrology.