Question

What is a genome?
a. Part of chromosome
b. Half chromosome
c. Total DNA in cell
d. A complete set of chromosomes

Answer 1

Hint: According to the definition of genes, It is the physical and functional units of heredity. This gene is composed of DNA. There is the chromosome which consists of DNA that may contain a number of genes. Every gene comprises a particular set of instructions for a particular function.

Complete answer:
DNA or Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule made up of proteins that carries the biological instructions. This DNA is responsible for the uniqueness of each species. During the reproduction, DNA is passed from adult organisms to their offspring.

This DNA composed the gene, which is the physical and functional unit of heredity. There are about thirty thousand genes that can be found in each cell of the human body. DNA present in the gene contains only two percent of the genome.

The genome is the combination that describes the complete hereditary information of an organism that is encoded in its DNA. The genome is constructed by both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA. It is responsible for the entire process of building, running, maintaining an organism, and also passing life on to the next generation.

Simply, the genome can be explained as the genetic material of an organism which is a complete set of DNAs in organisms in which all of its genes are included. The genome is the unit that bears all of the information which is essential to build and maintain an organism. There are more than three billion DNA base pairs present in an entire genome that has a nucleus. Genome is some total of all the DNA of an organism.

THe chromatids are two identical parts that make up a chromosome. They are also referred to two arms of chromosomes.

In an organism, the structural half of a chromosome can cause several genetic disorders such as Turner syndrome.

Organisms bearing a complete set of chromosomes are known as diploid organisms such as in humans where each of the parents contributes to a set of chromosomes and the offspring receives two sets of chromosomes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Gene is the main physical and functional unit of heredity. This is composed of DNA. The genome is described as the complete hereditary information of an organism. It is a complete set of DNAs that is responsible for the entire process of building, running, maintaining an organism.