Question

A gene carried by recombinant DNA is cloned when
A. Its host bacterium divides by binary fission.
B. It is transcribed.
C. It is fragmented by restriction enzymes.
D. It is hybridized.

Answer 1

Hint: Recombinant DNA is formed by two molecules of DNA from two different species that are introduced into a host organism to generate new genetic combinations. These genetic combinations are valuable to medicine, science, industry, and agriculture. Recombinant DNA technology is important in the formation of vaccines and protein therapies like interferon, human growth hormone, and human insulin. Cloning is a process of forming organisms with identical or virtual identical DNA. Cloning can be done naturally or artificially.

Complete answer:
Gene cloning and recombinant DNA are necessary tools for research in medicine and microbiology.
The DNA which is to be cloned is acquired from an organism of interest.
Then the DNA is treated with enzymes in a test tube to produce smaller fragments of DNA.
Later, these fragments are combined with vector DNA to produce molecules of recombinant DNA.
The recombinant DNA is inserted into a host organism.
The host organism is bacteria. It divides by binary fission.
This will produce several organisms in which replication of recombinant DNA molecules occurs along with the host DNA.
So, the host bacterium divides by binary fission.
So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Additional Information:
Recombinant DNA and gene cloning have many medical uses, such as the production of new vaccines, diagnostic tests, biologics, and therapeutic methods.
DNA is the genetic material of plasmid and bacteria. The genetic material of bacterial viruses(bacteriophages) can be DNA or RNA.
Necessary functions of genetic material are replication and expression.
Replication of DNA must be accurate so that young ones inherit all the particular genetic determinants(genotype) of the prenatal organism.

Note:
Recombinant DNA is formed by two molecules of DNA from two different species that are introduced into a host organism to generate new genetic combinations. Cloning is a process of forming organisms with identical or virtual identical DNA. Cloning can be done naturally or artificially. Gene cloning and recombinant DNA are necessary tools for research in medicine and microbiology. The DNA which is to be cloned is acquired from an organism of interest. Replication of DNA must be accurate so that young ones inherit all the particular genetic determinants (genotype) of the prenatal organism.