Question

What is a conjugate base and a conjugate acid?

Answer 1

Hint: Acids and bases are common chemicals that combine to form salt and water when they react with one another. Many substances that scientists refer to as acids are used in our daily lives.

Complete answer:
A conjugate acid is a chemical compound produced when an acid donates a proton \[\left( {{H^ + }} \right)\] to a base; in other words, it is a base with a hydrogen ion attached to it, as opposed to losing a hydrogen ion in the reverse reaction. A conjugate base, on the other hand, is what remains after an acid donates a proton during a chemical reaction. As a result, a conjugate base is a species formed by removing a proton from acid, as it may gain a hydrogen ion in the reverse reaction. Since certain acids can release several protons, the conjugate base of an acid can be acidic as well.
In brief, this can be expressed as the chemical reaction:
\[Acid + Base \rightleftharpoons ConjugateBase + ConjugateAcid\]
Depending on which material is involved and which acid-base principle is used, a cation may be conjugate acid, and an anion can be the conjugate base. The solvated electron, whose conjugate acid is atomic hydrogen, is the simplest anion that can be a conjugate base.
A conjugate acid, in other words, has one more hydrogen atom and one more \[ + \] charge than the base from which it was formed. A conjugate base has one less hydrogen atom and one more \[ - \] charge than the acid it was formed from.

Note:
We may make a very clear statement about the relative strengths of acids and bases by using conjugate acid-base pairs. The conjugate base is weaker when the acid is stronger, and the conjugate acid is weaker when the base is stronger.