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What is 40% of 80?
(a) 20
(b) 25
(c) 32
(d) 40

Answer
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Hint:Percentage is a number expressed as a fraction of 100. Find the 40% of 80 by multiplying 80 by 40 and hence divide the result by 100, as per the definition of percentage. So, x% of y can be given as x×y100.

Complete step-by-step answer:
As we know, percentage is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using percent sign %. In other words, a percentage is a part of a whole expressed in hundredths.
Now, if we need to calculated x% of any number y then we have to find a part of y, which is x times of the fractiony100.
It means x% of any number y can be calculated by doing product of x100 and y or by doing product of x and y100.
Now, coming to the question, as we need to find 40% of 80. It means we need to calculate (40100)th part of the number 80. So, we can calculate the number, which is 40% of 80, by finding the product of both, that is by calculating the product of 80 and 40100, we can get the required number.
Hence, 40% of 80 is given as
40% of 80=40×80100
We can divide 40 by 10 and 100 by 10, to get the above expression in simplified form. So, we get 40% of 80=4×8010
Now, we can divide 80 by 10 and 10 by 10 in numerator and denominator respectively. So, we get 40% of 80=4×8=32
Hence, 32 is the number which is 40% of 80.
So, option (c) is the correct answer.

Note: One may go wrong if he/she divides 80 by 40 and hence, multiply it by 100. As one may think that that percentage means we need to multiply by 100, which is wrong. So, don’t make these mistakes with these kinds of questions.
Another approach to solve the question would be that
Number 100 consist of 40
1 consist of 40100
80 will consist of 40100×80=32.
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