Important Questions for CBSE Class 6 Social Science - Social and Political Life Chapter 8 - Rural Livelihoods

Refer to Page 1 - 4 for 1 Mark Questions in the PDF

1. Fill in the blanks

(i) Building schools is the work of ____. 

Ans: Government - In India, education is predominantly handled through the state-run public education system, which is governed at three levels: federal, state, and municipal.

(ii) Terrace farming is best for_____. 

Ans: Paddy - Terraced fields reduce erosion and surface runoff, and they can be utilised to maintain irrigation-dependent crops like rice.

(iii) In rural areas the main source of income is ______. 

Ans: Farming and labour - Farming is the backbone of rural society, and it is the primary source of income in many nations around the world.

(iv) Elections are the showcase of people’s power in _____. 

Ans: Democracy - An election is a formal collective decision-making process in which a population selects one or more people to serve in public office.

2. State true and false. 

(i) Industrial workers work throughout the year. 

Ans: True - Despite this development, life as a worker throughout the Industrial Revolution was not easy. Working conditions were often deplorable and sometimes dangerous.

(ii) Paddy is the main crop of irrigated land 

Ans: True - A paddy field is a rice-growing field. Because they are partially inundated with water, paddies differ from most other crop fields.

(iii) People of rural areas travel long distances in search of jobs. 

Ans: True - For jobs, "rural people" are forced to travel "great distances." This type of migration occurs when living conditions in such locations are tough and people are forced to relocate.

(iv) Farmers who do not have cultivating lands, grow crops on their roofs. 

Ans: False - The loss of agricultural land is one of the most serious issues confronting agriculture, because as more land is lost, it will become increasingly difficult to produce the amount of food required to feed the world's growing population.

3. Match the following on the basis of their work

Ans: 

1. Gives tuitions - A teacher (also known as a schoolteacher or educator) is a person who assists students in gaining knowledge, competence, or virtue.

2. Makes clothes - A weaver is someone who creates fabric by weaving fibres together. The majority of weavers utilise a loom, which tightens the threads as they weave.

3. Repairs bike, cars, bicycles etc. -  A mechanic is someone who works on engines or other machines and builds or repairs them.

4. Repairs TV, Radio, etc - They work on various projects including rewiring equipment or fixtures, testing electrical components for safety, installing wiring and lighting, and diagnosing electrical problems in between power outages.
   
   

4. Choose the correct option 

(i) The percentage of small farmers in India is____ 

a) 80% 

b) 90% 

c) 75% 

d) 40% 

Ans: (a) 80% - Farmers with fewer than 2 hectares of farmland are classified as small and marginal. They account for around 86.2 percent of all farmers in the country.

(ii) The percentage of large farmers in India is______. 

a) 20% 

b) 10% 

c) 25% 

d) 60% 

Ans: (a) 20% - According to the census, minor and marginal holdings account for 48.16 percent of the total 64.57 million acre net irrigated area, semi-medium and medium holdings account for 43.77 percent, and big holdings account for 8.07 percent.

5. Define the Following 

(i) Civil life

Ans: Civil life refers to the activities that people in any place engage in.

(ii) Agriculture 

Ans: Agriculture is a concept that comes from the Latin word ager, which means "to cultivate."

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6. What do the famers do when their crops fail? 

Ans: When a farmer's crops fail, he or she must borrow money to survive or to cultivate other crops in a different season.

7. What is a farmer's other source of income? 

Ans: Animal husbandry, fishing, and dairy production are some of the other sources of revenue for farmers.

8. Brief Zamindari system. 

Ans: The land was largely owned by big landowners, known as Zamindars, in the Zamindari system. They used to give modest farmers this land to cultivate.

9. How do the citizens take part in Civic-Life? 

Ans: People can participate in Civic-Life by doing public or volunteer labour.

10. What is private debt? 

Ans: Private debt refers to loans taken for personal use by individuals or institutions.

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11. How do villages help to grow a country? 

Ans: Villages are regarded as the backbone of any country.

Most of the food's main raw materials are cultivated in communities. Sugar, jaggery, honey, coffee, tea, wood, and other agricultural products can only be sold and distributed if a farmer grows them on his land and then sells them to designated factories. The majority of the main products are grown exclusively in communities.

12. How did the government of India bring social change by giving education to the rural children?

Ans: The government of India took a bold step by making education free for all children up to primary school level. This initiative will provide education to every child in India. This effort urged parents to take their children to school in order for them to have a brighter future.

13. How do the families of rural areas help each other on financial grounds? 

Ans: Farming or labour are the primary sources of income for those living in rural areas. Despite the fact that they have the same level of living, economic inequalities might be detected. Some families who are able to save some money donate it to their acquaintances who are in need. Rural folks frequently help each other financially as a result of this.

14. What are the important sources of farming livelihood? 

Ans: Sugarcane, mahua, honey, and cereals are the most common crops grown by farmers in rural areas. Sugar and jaggery are made from sugarcane as a basic material. Mahua is a plant that is used to create liquor and other items. Honey is utilised in a wide range of treatments and everyday foods. There are many different varieties of cereals, such as dal, rice, wheat, barley, maize, and so on. These are the items that people use on a daily basis all throughout the world.

15. State any three suggestions to raise the productivity of agriculture. 

Ans: Two majors can be taken to increase agricultural productivity:-

1. By providing irrigation advice to farmers.

2. By providing them the appropriate marketing tools

3. The population's impact on agricultural land is being reduced.
   
   

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16. What are the types of farming communities in rural livelihood? 

Ans: The following are the various sorts of farming communities in rural livelihood:-

1. Small landowners

2. Big landowners

3. Landless farmers and labourers.

The poorest are the landless farmers and labourers. They can only make money during crop seasons. Because there is a scarcity of work in the villages, people are either jobless or earn a pittance for the remainder of the year. As a result, they are poor because they do not own land and rely on farming.

17. People who do not have good medical facilities and education, what can be done for them? Explain? 

Ans: This isn't a reasonable circumstance. A provision for land-ceiling should be included. It will make it easier for everyone to obtain a piece of land on which they may earn a living. Everyone should have the same chance. Primary school should be made mandatory. Efforts should be made to encourage impoverished people to attend school. It will inform them of their rights and raise other forms of awareness. Everyone should be treated equally and not discriminated against because of their economic status.

18. What can the government do for the farmers who are burdened with debt? 

Ans: Government can help or provide assistance to farmers through lending programmes, such as interest-free loans and loans with low interest rates. 

Subsidized seeds, fertilisers, and pesticides are also available to him. Poor farmers are forced to take out loans for farming purposes. 

They are sometimes successful in repaying the debts, but there are occasions when they are unable to do so due to crop failure. This makes life difficult for them. To stay afloat, the family will have to take out more loans.

19. What are the main reasons behind the farmer’s suicide? And how can the government help them to save them from this disaster? 

Ans: A farmer obtains a loan from a bank for agricultural operations. In his field, he grows whatever crop he wants. However, for a variety of reasons, his crop fails to meet his expectations, and he is unable to earn sufficient cash to repay his loans. Farmers feel impotent to repay the loan in this situation, which forces them to commit suicide on occasion. 

The government can assist farmers in obtaining loans and even provide them with free seeds.

20. What are the different jobs that the rural people perform on an individual level? 

Ans: On an individual level, rural people can undertake a variety of jobs. The following are a few of them:-

1. Laundry- In rural areas, some people prefer to wash the clothes of others for a fee in exchange for a living.

2. Teaching- Some literate individuals opt to teach the children of their village for a fee and occasionally in exchange for some goods.

3. Weaving- Some people weave clothes and other materials for dresses.

4. Repairing- Some people start a business repairing mechanical objects like auto rickshaws, bicycles, and motorcycles.