RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 8 Chapter-21 Data Handling (Ex 21A) Exercise 21.1

Data Handling entails gathering a set of data and presenting it in a different format. Data is a set of numerical figures that represent a specific type of information. The raw data is the collection of observations that are initially gathered. Data can take any form. It could be in the form of words, numbers, measurements, descriptions, or observations. Data Handling is the process of ensuring that research data is collected, archived, or disposed of in a secure and safe manner during and after the analysis process.

Data Varieties

Data Handling methods can be used depending on the type of data. The information is divided into two categories:

Qualitative Information

Quantitative Information

Qualitative data describes something, whereas quantitative data provides numerical information about something. The quantitative data is further subdivided in this section. There are two types of data: discrete data and continuous data. Discrete data can only take specific values, such as whole numbers. The continuous data can have a value that falls within the specified range.

Steps for Data Handling

The following are the steps involved in the data handling process:

Step 1: Identifying the Issue

The purpose or problem statement must be identified and well defined during the Data Handling process.

Step 2: Gathering Data

Data pertinent to the problem statement is gathered.

Step 3: Presenting the Data

The collected data should be presented in a meaningful and understandable manner. It is possible to accomplish this by arranging the collected data in tally marks, table forms, and so on.

4th Step: Graphic Representation

Because the visual or graphical representation of data facilitates analysis and comprehension, presented data can be plotted in graphs, charts such as bar graphs, pie charts, and so on.

5th Step: Data Analysis

The data should be analyzed so that the necessary information can be derived from the data, allowing for subsequent actions to be taken.

Step 6: Finally,

We can deduce the solution to our problem statement from the data analysis.

How Should Data Be Represented?

Typically, data can be represented in one of the following ways. They are as follows:

• Line Graphs and Bar Graphs

• Pictographs

• Histograms

• Dot Plots for Stem and Leaf

• Distribution of Frequency

• Tables and graphs with totals

Now, we'll look at one of the methods for representing data using a "Bar Graph."

Bar Graph

Data can be represented in a variety of ways, including numbers, pictures, tables, graphics, and so on. Bar graphs are the most common type of graphical representation of data. A bar graph or bar chart depicts a visual interpretation of data using vertical or horizontal rectangular bars of equal width that are uniformly spaced concerning straightforward one another, with the lengths of the bars proportional to the data to be represented.

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